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Official Public DataUSA

US Federal Budget & Government Spending

FY2023 gross outlays

Gross Outlays$8.9T
Impact Score
56/ 100
DATAUSAspending File B (GTAS), FRED

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Federal Gross Outlays by Function

Gross Outlays Ledger

FY2023 DATA

Gross Outlays / Actual Spending: Payments made by the federal government during the fiscal year, before subtracting offsetting receipts. The amounts are grouped by budget function. Each function has its own spending critique. Status reflects the specific linked finding; a program-level issue does not mean the entire function is lost or ineffective.

Medicare

#1 Spend
Health
Gross Outlays
$1.5T
Good

Social Security

Entitlements
Gross Outlays
$1.4T
Good

National Defense

Defense
Gross Outlays
$1.2T
Good

Health (Medicaid & Other)

Health
Gross Outlays
$1.0T
Good

Net Interest

Debt
Gross Outlays
$905.7B
Good

Income Security

Entitlements
Gross Outlays
$813.9B
Good

General Government

Admin
Gross Outlays
$563.5B
Good

Education, Training, Employment & Social Services

Education
Gross Outlays
$348.5B
Good

Veterans Benefits and Services

Veterans
Gross Outlays
$318.5B
Good

Commerce and Housing Credit

Commerce
Gross Outlays
$190.3B
Good

Transportation

Infrastructure
Gross Outlays
$146.5B
Good

Administration of Justice

Justice
Gross Outlays
$99.3B
Good

Community and Regional Development

Housing
Gross Outlays
$97.2B
Good

International Affairs

Foreign Policy
Gross Outlays
$95.1B
Good

Natural Resources and Environment

Environment
Gross Outlays
$86.6B
Good

Agriculture

Agriculture
Gross Outlays
$50.9B
Good

General Science, Space, and Technology

Science
Gross Outlays
$44.2B
Good

Energy

Energy
Gross Outlays
$19.4B
Good

DATA INTEGRITY STATEMENT

Source
Spending figures are USAspending File B gross outlays. Receipts come from the Treasury Monthly Treasury Statement, and budgetary resources come from USAspending. These are separate series. Function rows show gross outlays, before offsetting receipts. The Treasury total is net of those receipts, so the two totals differ. Data retrieved June 23, 2026.
Scope
File B gross outlays are not Treasury MTS net cash outlays and should not be mixed with them. Open a budget function to see the full File B tree.

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Sources & downloads

Every federal figure on this page comes from these records. Open the original source to check a number.

Official budget documents

Planned spending. A separate source from the actual spending above.

Budget of the U.S. Government (GovInfo)

Use only enacted or approved documents. Check each document's status and fiscal period before you compare it with actual spending.

Published sources

The records behind every figure on this page.

Why FY2025 spending totals disagreeMethodology & sources

About the Federal Budget Data

FY2023 reported gross outlays: $8.9T from USAspending File B. Budgetary resources and Treasury receipts are separate series. Gross outlays are before offsets and are not Treasury net cash outlays. The listed functions are not a verified reconciliation to the headline total.

Amounts are supplied by public-data APIs. Impact scores, status ratings and AI commentary are analytical content, not official audit findings. The API does not establish a link from each funding source to each function or recipient. See the methodology and sources.

Federal Budget Questions

What does the FY2023 headline measure?

FY2023 reported gross outlays: $8.9T from USAspending File B. Budgetary resources and Treasury receipts are separate series.

How do budgetary resources, obligations and outlays differ?

Budgetary resources include new budget authority, balances carried forward and other resources. Obligations are commitments; outlays generally record payments. These series do not measure newly enacted appropriations or reconcile directly to one another.

Which functions have the largest reported outlays?

FY2023, USAspending File B; amounts are rounded as published by the API.

  • Medicare$1.5T
  • Social Security$1.4T
  • National Defense$1.2T
  • Health (Medicaid & Other)$1.0T

How is the federal budget funded?

Treasury receipts and the budget deficit use net outlays as their denominator. These selected funding lines are not a reconciliation to File B gross outlays.

  • Individual Income Taxes$2.2T (35.5% of Treasury net outlays)
  • Borrowing / Budget Deficit$1.7T (27.6% of Treasury net outlays)
  • Payroll Taxes (FICA/SECA)$1.6T (25.5% of Treasury net outlays)
  • Corporation Income Taxes$419.6B (6.8% of Treasury net outlays)

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